Preview

Bone and soft tissue sarcomas, tumors of the skin

Advanced search

Molecular, biological and diagnostic features of Ewing sarcoma and undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas of bone and soft tissue

https://doi.org/10.17650/2070-9781-2021-13-1-24-31

Abstract

Ewing’s sarcoma is a highly malignant small round cell tumor with a unique rearrangement of the EWSR1 (FUS) gene with partners genes of ETS family. Tumors with Ewing's sarcoma morphological features lacking without specific EWSR1 rear-rangement called undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas of bone and soft tissue. This group includes: sarcomas with СIC gene rearrangement, sarcomas with BCOR gene rearrangement and sarcomas with EWSR1 (FUS) gene rearrangement with non-ETS gene-partner. Clinical, morphological and molecular genetic characteristics of these groups of tumors will be described below

About the Authors

K. Y. Sinichenkova
Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Ministry of Healh of Russia
Russian Federation

1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117198



V. Y. Roschin
Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Ministry of Healh of Russia
Russian Federation

1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117198



A. E. Druy
Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Ministry of Healh of Russia
Russian Federation

1 Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117198



References

1. Parham D.M. Modern diagnosis of small cell malignancies of children. Surg Patholog Clinics 2010;3(3):515–51. DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2010.06.002.

2. Kallen M.E., Hornick J.L. The 2020 WHO classification: What’s new in soft tissue tumor pathology? Am J Surg Pathol Lippincott 2021;45(1):1–23. DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000001552.

3. Paulussen M., Fröhlich B., Jürgens H. Ewing tumour: Incidence, prognosis and treatment options. Pediatric Drugs 2001;3(12):899–913.

4. Delaplace M., Lhommet C., Pinieux G. de et al. Primary cutaneous Ewing sarcoma: A systematic review focused on treatment and outcome. Br J Dermatol 2012;166(4):721–6. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10743.x.

5. Kolosov A., Dulskas A., Pauzaet K. et al. Primary Ewing’s sarcoma in a small intestine – A case report and review of the literature. BMC Surgery 2020;20(1). DOI: 10.1186/s12893-020-00774-z.

6. Deokar K.K., Kunjir N.G., Ghorpade S. Case Report. J Clin Diagnostic Res 2015;9(1):XD01-3. DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/10946.5436.

7. Kazmi S.A.J., Perry A., Pressey J.G. et al. Primary Ewing sarcoma of the brain: A case report and literature review Diagn Mol Pathol 2007;16(2):108–11. DOI: 10.1097/PDM.0b013e3180375541.

8. Womer R.B., West D.C., Krailo M.D. et al. Randomized controlled trial of interval-compressed chemotherapy for the treatment of localized ewing sarcoma: A report from the children’s oncology group. J Clin Oncol 2012;30(33):4148–54. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2011.41.5703.

9. Lawlor E.R., Sorensen P.H. Twenty years on: What do we really know about ewing sarcoma and what is the path forward? Crit Rev Oncog 2015;20(3–4):155–71. DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2015013553.

10. Franchi A., Pasquinelli G., Cenacchi G. et al. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigation of neural differentiation in Ewing sarcoma/PNET of bone and soft tissues. Ultrastruct Pathol 2001;25(3):219–25.

11. Torchia E.C., Jaishankar S., Baker S.J. Ewing tumor fusion proteins block the differentiation of pluripotent marrow stromal cells Cancer Res 2003;63(13):3464–8.

12. Chen S., Deniz K., Sunget Y.-Sh. et al. Ewing sarcoma with ERG gene rearrangements: A molecular study focusing on the prevalence of FUS-ERG and common pitfalls in detecting EWSR1-ERG fusions by FISH. Genes Chromosom Cancer 2016;55(4):340–9. DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22336.

13. Cantile M., Marra L., Franco R. et al. Molecular detection and targeting of EWSR1 fusion transcripts in soft tissue tumors. Medical Oncology 2013;30(1):412. DOI: 10.1007/s12032-012-0412-8.

14. Sankar S., Lessnick S.L. Promiscuous partnerships in Ewing’s sarcoma. Cancer Genetics 2011;204(7):351–65. DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2011.07.008.

15. De Alava E., Kawai A., Healey J.H. et al. EWS-FLI1 fusion transcript structure is an independent determinant of prognosis in Ewing’s sarcoma. J Clin Oncol 1998;16(4);1248–55. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.4.1248.

16. Gamberi G., Cocchi S., Benini S. et al. Molecular diagnosis in ewing family tumors the rizzoli experience-222 consecutive cases in four years. J Mol Diagnostics 2011;13(3):313–24. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2011.01.004.

17. Zoubek A., Dockhorn-Dworniczak B., Delattre O. et al. Does expression of different EWS chimeric transcripts define clinically distinct risk groups of Ewing tumor patients? J Clin Oncol 1996;14(4):1245–51. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1996.14.4.1245.

18. Renzi S., Anderson N.D., Light N. et al. Ewing-like sarcoma: An emerging family of round cell sarcomas Journal of Cellular Physiology 2019;234(6):7999–8007. DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27558.

19. Anderson N.D., Borja R. de, Young M.D. et al. Rearrangement bursts generate canonical gene fusions in bone and soft tissue tumors. Science 2018;361(6405):eaam8419. DOI: 10.1126/science.aam8419.

20. Baca S.C., Prandi D., Lawrence M.S. et al. Punctuated evolution of prostate cancer genomes. Cell 2013;153(3):666–77. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.03.021.

21. Khanna N., Pandey A., Bajpai J. Metastatic ewing’s sarcoma: Revisiting the “Evidence on the Fence”. Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology 2017;38(2):173–81. DOI: 10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_24_17.

22. Krook M.A., Nicholls L.A., Scannell C.A. et al. Stress-induced CXCR4 promotes migration and invasion of Ewing sarcoma. Mol Cancer Res 2014;12(6):953–64. DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-13-0668.

23. Franzetti G.A., Duval K.L., Ent W. van der et al. Cell-to-cell heterogeneity of EWSR1-FLI1 activity determines proliferation/ migration choices in Ewing sarcoma cells. Oncogene 2017;36(25):3505–14. DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.498.

24. Brohl A.S., Solomon D.A., Chang W. et al. The Genomic Landscape of the Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors Reveals Recurrent STAG2 Mutation. PLoS Genet 2014;10(7):e1004475. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004475.

25. Crompton B.D., Stewart C., Taylor-Weiner A. et al. The genomic landscape of pediatric Ewing sarcoma // Cancer Discov 2014;4(11):1326–41. DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-13-1037.

26. Tirode F., Surdez D., Ma X. et al. Genomic landscape of ewing sarcoma defines an aggressive subtype with co-association of STAG2 and TP53 mutations. Cancer Discov 2014;4(11):1342–53. DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-14-0622.

27. Mertens F., Antonescu C.R., Mitelman F. Gene fusions in soft tissue tumors: Recurrent and overlapping pathogenetic themes. Genes Chromosom Cancer 2016;55(4):291–310. DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22335.

28. Charville G.W., Wang W.-L., Ingram D.R. et al. EWSR1 fusion proteins mediate PAX7 expression in Ewing sarcoma. Mod Pathol 2017;30(9):1312–20. DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2017.49.

29. Yamada Y., Kuda M., Kohashi K. et al. Histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas associated with CIC-DUX4 and BCOR-CCNB3 fusion genes. Virchows Arch 2017;470(4):373–80. DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2072-8.

30. Gaspar N., Hawkins D.S., Dirksen U. et al. Ewing sarcoma: Current management and future approaches through collaboration. J Clin Oncol 2015;33(27):3036–46. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2014.59.5256.

31. Antonescu C.R., Owosho A.A., Zhang L. et al. Sarcomas with CIC-rearrangements Are a Distinct Pathologic Entity with Aggressive Outcome. Am J Surg Pathol 2017;41(7):941–9. DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000846.

32. Le Loarer F., Pissaloux D., Coindre J.M. et al. Update on Families of Round Cell Sarcomas Other than Classical Ewing Sarcomas. Surg Pathol Clin 2017;10(3):587–620. DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2017.04.002.

33. Pierron G., Tirode F., Lucchesi C. et al. A new subtype of bone sarcoma defined by BCOR-CCNB3 gene fusion. Nat Genet 2012;44(4):461–6. DOI: 10.1038/ng.1107.

34. Specht K., Zhang L., Sung Y.-Sh. et al. Novel BCOR-MAML3 and ZC3H7B- BCOR gene fusions in undifferentiated small blue round cell sarcomas. Am J Surg 2016;40(4):433–42. DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000591.

35. Peters T.L., Kumar V., Polikepahad S. et al. BCOR-CCNB3 fusions are frequent in undifferentiated sarcomas of male children. Mod Pathol 2015;28(4):575–86. DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2014.139.

36. Cohen-Gogo S., Cellier C., Coindre J.-M. et al. Ewing-like sarcomas with BCOR-CCNB3 fusion transcript: A clinical, radiological and pathological retrospective study from the Société Française des Cancers de L’Enfant. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61(12):2191–8. DOI: 10.1002/pbc.25210.

37. Puls F., Niblett A., Marland G. et al. BCOR-CCNB3 (Ewing-like) Sarcoma. Am J Surg Pathol 2014;38(10):1307–18. DOI: 10.1097/PAS.0000000000000223.

38. Bode-Lesniewska B., Fritz C., Exner G.U. et al. EWSR1-NFATC2 and FUS-NFATC2 Gene Fusion-Associated Mesenchymal Tumors. Clinicopathologic Correlation and Literature Review Sarcoma 2019; 26:9386390. DOI: 10.1155/2019/9386390.

39. Jo V.Y., Fletcher C.D.M. WHO classification of soft tissue tumours: An update based on the 2013 (4th) edition. Pathology 2014;46(2):95–104. DOI: 10.1097/PAT.0000000000000050.

40. Machado I., Navarro L., Pellin A. et al. Defining Ewing and Ewing-like small round cell tumors (SRCT): The need for molecular techniques in their categorization and differential diagnosis. A study of 200 cases. Ann Diagn Pathol 2016;22:25–32.


Review

For citations:


Sinichenkova K.Y., Roschin V.Y., Druy A.E. Molecular, biological and diagnostic features of Ewing sarcoma and undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas of bone and soft tissue. Bone and soft tissue sarcomas, tumors of the skin. 2021;13(1):24-31. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17650/2070-9781-2021-13-1-24-31

Views: 710


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2219-4614 (Print)
ISSN 2782-3687 (Online)